2 Summary of California Law (10th), Workers' Compensation

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<d1.o n=" I. ">WORKERS' COMPENSATION SYSTEM

<d2.o n="A. " sec="1] ">Nature of System.

<d2.o n="B. ">Constitutional Enabling Provision.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="2] ">Enlargement of Legislative Power.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="3] ">No Limitation on Legislative Power.

<d2.o n="C. ">Workers' Compensation Act.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="4] ">Original Act and Revisions.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="5] ">Nature and Validity of Act.

<d3.o n="3. ">Liberal Construction.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="6] ">In General.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="7] ">Rule Applied in Favor of Claimant.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="8] ">Rule Invoked To Deny Tort Action.

<d3.o n="4. " sec="9] ">Prospective Construction.

<d2.o n="D. ">Division of Workers''&apos; Compensation.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="10] ">In General.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="11] ">Administrative Director.

<d3.o n="3. " sec="12] ">Court Administrator.

<d3.o n="4. ">Appeals Board.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="13] ">In General.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="14] ">Powers.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="15] ">Exclusive Jurisdiction.

<d4.o n="(d) " sec="16] ">Limitations on Jurisdiction.

<d2.o n="E. ">Discrimination Against Injured Workers.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="17] ">Nature and Purpose of Statute.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="18] ">Sanctions for Violation.

<d3.o n="3. ">Scope of Statute.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="19] ">Liberal Construction.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="20] ">Limitations.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="21] ">Successor and Agency Liability.

<d3.o n="4. " sec="22] ">Justification for Not Reinstating Worker.

<d2.o n="F. " sec="23] ">Prevention of Fraud and Abuse.

<d1.o n="II. ">EXCLUSIVE REMEDY

<d2.o n="A. ">In General.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="24] ">Statutory Exclusive Remedy Rules.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="25] ">Statutory Exceptions.

<d3.o n="3. " sec="26] ">Pleading To Negate or Uphold Jurisdiction.

<d2.o n="B. "> Consequences of Exclusive Remedy Rules.

<d3.o n="1. ">Claims for Emotional Distress.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="27] ">In General.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="28] ">Wrongful Termination.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="29] ">Constructive Discharge.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="30] ">Noncompensable Injury.

<d3.o n="3. " sec="31] ">Wrongful Refusal To Pay Compensation Award.

<d3.o n="4. " sec="32] ">Employer''&apos;s Wilful Misconduct.

<d3.o n="5. " sec="33] ">Employer''&apos;s Fraud.

<d3.o n="6. " sec="34] ">Failure To Render Medical Care.

<d3.o n="7. " sec="35] ">Insurer''&apos;s Negligent Safety Inspection.

<d3.o n="8. " sec="36] ">Insurer''&apos;s Negligent Investigation.

<d3.o n="9. " sec="37] ">Insurer''&apos;s Negligent Spoliation of Evidence.

<d3.o n="10. . " sec="38] ">Acts of Independent Claims Administrator.

<d3.o n="11. " sec="39] ">Involuntary Manslaughter.

<d3.o n="12. " sec="40] ">Criminal Assault by Third Party.

<d3.o n="13. " sec="41] ">Peculiar Risk Doctrine Is Unavailable.

<d3.o n="14. " sec="42] ">Other Consequences.

<d1.o n="III. ">EXCEPTIONS, DISTINCTIONS, AND PERMISSIBLE ACTIONS

<d2.o n="A. ">Actions Against Employer.

<d3.o n="1. ">Statutory Causes of Action.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="43] ">Physical Assault.

<d4.o n="(b) ">Fraudulent Concealment Aggravating Disease or Injury.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="44] ">In General.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="45] ">What Constitutes Fraudulent Concealment.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="46] ">Fair Employment and Housing Act.

<d4.o n="(d) " sec="47] ">Whistleblower Protection Statute.

<d4.o n="(e) " sec="48] ">Products Liability.

<d4.o n="(f) ">Failure To Provide Guard on Power Press.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="49] ">In General.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="50] ">Elements of Cause of Action.

<d5.o n="(3) " sec="51] ">Definitions.

<d4.o n="(g) ">Uninsured Employer.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="52] ">Cumulative Remedies Are Authorized.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="53] ">Special Rules Governing Action.

<d3.o n="2. ">Conditions of Compensation Not Met.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="54] ">In General.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="55] ">Spoliation of Evidence.

<d3.o n="3. ">Conduct Outside Compensation Bargain.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="56] ">Basis for Liability.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="57] ">Wrongful Termination in Violation of Public Policy.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="58] ">False Imprisonment.

<d4.o n="(d) " sec="59] ">Discrimination in Workplace.

<d4.o n="(e) " sec="60] ">Defamation.

<d4.o n="(f) " sec="61] ">Invasion of Privacy.

<d3.o n="4. ">Employer in Dual Capacity.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="62] ">Nature of Doctrine.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="63] ">Legislative Curtailment.

<d3.o n="5. ">Other Authorized Actions.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="64] ">Employer''&apos;s Extrinsic Fraud.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="65] ">Fetal Injury in Workplace.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="66] ">Excluded Employment.

<d2.o n="B. ">Action Against Other Employee.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="67] ">Wilful Act or Intoxication.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="68] ">Employee Outside Scope of Employment.

<d2.o n="C. ">Action Against Third-Party Tortfeasor.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="69] ">In General.

<d3.o n="2. ">Employee''&apos;s Unilateral Release.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="70] ">Statutory Authorization.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="71] ">Notice.

<d3.o n="3. ">Action or Settlement by Employee Alone.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="72] ">Employer''&apos;s Lien on Employee''&apos;s Judgment.

<d4.o n="(b) ">Employer''&apos;s Credit on Employee''&apos;s Award.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="73] ">In General.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="74] ">No Credit in MICRA Action.

<d5.o n="(3) " sec="75] ">Credit on Award After Judgment.

<d4.o n="(c) ">Employee''&apos;s Expenses and Attorneys''&apos; Fees.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="76] ">Nature of Problem and Former Law.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="77] ">Apportionment of Fee.

<d5.o n="(3) " sec="78] ">Procedure for Apportionment.

<d5.o n="(4) ">Priority of Attorney''&apos;s Claim.

<d6.o n="(aa) " sec="79] ">In General.

<d6.o n="(bb) " sec="80] ">After Judgment.

<d6.o n="(cc) " sec="81] ">After Settlement.

<d3.o n="4. ">Action, Settlement, or Joinder by Employer.

<d4.o n="(a) ">Action or Settlement by Employer Alone.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="82] ">In General.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="83] ">Statute of Limitations.

<d5.o n="(3) " sec="84] ">Reimbursement.

<d4.o n="(b) ">Action by Both Parties.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="85] ">Action by Employer: Intervention by Employee.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="86] ">Action by Employee: Joinder or Intervention by Employer.

<d5.o n="(3) " sec="87] ">Action by Employer and Employee: Reimbursement.

<d4.o n="(c) ">Settlement by Both Parties: Reimbursement.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="88] ">In General.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="89] ">Apportionment.

<d5.o n="(3) " sec="90] ">Allocation on Recovery From Fewer Than All Defendants.

<d4.o n="(d) " sec="91] ">Proof of Causation.

<d3.o n="5. ">Employer''&apos;s Contributory Negligence.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="92] ">In General.

<d4.o n="(b) ">Comparative Fault.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="93] ">Comparative Negligence Doctrine Extended.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="94] ">Effect of Employee''&apos;s Negligence.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="95] ">Employer Is Party.

<d4.o n="(d) " sec="96] ">Affirmative Defense.

<d4.o n="(e) " sec="97] ">Employee May Not Raise Issue.

<d4.o n="(f) ">Subsequent Proceeding Before Board.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="98] ">Where Employer''&apos;s Negligence Is Judicially Determined.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="99] ">Where Employer''&apos;s Negligence Is Not Judicially Determined.

<d4.o n="(g) " sec="100] ">Distinction: Employer''&apos;s Waiver of Subrogation.

<d4.o n="(h) " sec="101] ">Determination Without Employer.

<d4.o n="(i) " sec="102] ">No Right of Contribution Against Employer.

<d3.o n="6. " sec="103] ">Lien of Public Employees''&apos; Retirement System.

<d2.o n="D. ">Other Permissible Actions.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="104] ">Action Against Physician for Malpractice.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="105] ">Action Against Insurer for Intentional Tort.

<d3.o n="3. " sec="106] ">Cartwright Act, RICO, Tortious Interference, and Unfair Competition Claims.

<d3.o n="4. " sec="107] ">Other Actions Outside Act.

<d2.o n="E. " sec="108] ">Binding Determination of Jurisdiction.

<d1.o n="IV. ">CONFLICT OF LAWS: EXTRATERRITORIAL OPERATION

<d2.o n="A. ">General Principles.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="109] ">Constitutional Due Process.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="110] ">When Tort Remedy Is Precluded.

<d2.o n="B. ">Employment Contract in California, Injury Outside.

<d3.o n="1. ">Rights of Employees.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="111] ">Development of Rule.

<d4.o n="(b) ">Making of Contract in California.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="112] ">Earlier Decisions.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="113] ">Later Decisions.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="114] ">Rights Between Insurers.

<d2.o n="C. ">Injury in California, Employment Contract Outside.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="115] ">In General.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="116] ">California Reciprocal Act.

<d2.o n="D. " sec="117] ">Awards Under Statutes of Two States.

<d1.o n="V. ">FEDERAL JURISDICTION

<d2.o n="A. ">Interstate Commerce: Federal Employers''&apos; Liability Act.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="118] ">In General.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="119] ">Concurrent Jurisdiction of State and Federal Courts.

<d3.o n="3. " sec="120] ">Relation of Duties to Interstate Commerce.

<d3.o n="4. " sec="121] ">Liability Based on Negligence.

<d3.o n="5. " sec="122] ">Occupational Disease.

<d3.o n="6. " sec="123] ">Common Law Defenses Abolished.

<d2.o n="B. " sec="124] ">Interstate Commerce: Safety Appliance Acts.

<d2.o n="C. " sec="125] ">Federal Employees''&apos; Compensation Act.

<d2.o n="D. ">Admiralty Jurisdiction.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="126] ">Nature of Admiralty Jurisdiction.

<d3.o n="2. ">Remedies of Seaman.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="127] ">Maintenance and Cure.

<d4.o n="(b) ">Breach of Warranty of Seaworthiness.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="128] ">Nature of Remedy.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="129] ">Scope of Warranty.

<d5.o n="(3) " sec="130] ">Persons Covered.

<d4.o n="(c) ">Jones Act.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="131] ">In General.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="132] ">Seaman Status.

<d5.o n="(3) " sec="133] ">Employment Relationship.

<d5.o n="(4) " sec="134] ">Liability Based on Negligence.

<d3.o n="3. ">Longshore and Harbor Workers''&apos; Compensation Act.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="135] ">In General.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="136] ">Employees Covered.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="137] ">Injuries Covered.

<d4.o n="(d) ">Employee''&apos;s Action Against Third Party.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="138] ">In General.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="139] ">Action Against Shipowner.

<d5.o n="(3) " sec="140] ">Shipowner''&apos;s Duty of Care.

<d4.o n="(e) " sec="141] ">No Right of Indemnity in Shipowner.

<d3.o n="4. ">Concurrent Federal and State Jurisdiction.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="142] ">In General.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="143] ">Crediting Payments.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="144] ">Workers''&apos; Compensation for Injury on Land.

<d4.o n="(d) " sec="145] ">Federal Maritime Action in Death Case.

<d1.o n="VI. ">WORKERS' COMPENSATION INSURANCE

<d2.o n="A. ">Nature of Requirement.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="146] ">In General.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="147] ">Insurers.

<d3.o n="3. " sec="148] ">Self-Insurance.

<d2.o n="B. " sec="149] ">Effect of Compliance.

<d2.o n="C. ">Effect of Failure To Comply.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="150] ">In General.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="151] ">Increase of Award.

<d3.o n="3. " sec="152] ">Enforcement of Award.

<d3.o n="4. ">Payment From Uninsured Employers Benefits Trust Fund.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="153] ">In General.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="154] ">Notice to Employer.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="155] ">Recovery From Employer.

<d4.o n="(d) " sec="156] ">Recovery From Third Person.

<d2.o n="D. " sec="157] ">Scope and Interpretation of Policies.

<d2.o n="E. " sec="158] ">Nondisclosure of Medical Information.

<d1.o n="VII. ">THE EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP

<d2.o n="A. ">Who Are Employers.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="159] ">In General.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="160] ">Joint Venture.

<d3.o n="3. ">Multiple Employment.

<d4.o n="(a) ">Liabilities of Employers.

<d5.o n="(1) ">General and Special Employment.

<d6.o n="(aa) " sec="161] ">Test: Right of Control.

<d6.o n="(bb) " sec="162] ">No Transfer of Right of Control.

<d6.o n="(cc) " sec="163] ">Contract Is Not Controlling.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="164] ">Concurrent or Joint Employment.

<d5.o n="(3) " sec="165] ">Public Emergency Service.

<d5.o n="(4) " sec="166] ">Licensed Contractor and Temporary Agency.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="167] ">Rights Between Insurers.

<d4.o n="(c) ">Disability From Progressive Disease.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="168] ">Liability of Last Insurer.

<d5.o n="(2) ">Apportionment Among Multiple Employers.

<d6.o n="(aa) " sec="169] ">In General.

<d6.o n="(bb) " sec="170] ">Employers Who Are Liable.

<d6.o n="(cc) " sec="171] ">Procedure.

<d2.o n="B. ">Who Are Employees.

<d3.o n="1. ">Nature of Classification.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="172] ">In General.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="173] ">Compensation.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="174] ">Unlawful Employment.

<d4.o n="(d) " sec="175] ">Preemployment Tryout.

<d3.o n="2. ">Public Employees.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="176] ">Broad Application.

<d4.o n="(b)