13 Summary of California Law (10th), Equity

 

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<d1.o n="I. ">NATURE AND SCOPE OF EQUITY

<d2.o n="A. ">In General.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="1] ">Classification of Topics.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="2] ">Distinctive Features of Equity.

<d3.o n="3. " sec="3] ">Adequacy of Legal Remedy.

<d2.o n="B. ">Equitable Maxims and Other General Doctrines.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="4] ">Substance Rather Than Form.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="5] ">Equity Regards That Which Ought To Be Done as Done.

<d3.o n="3. " sec="6] ">Party Must Do Equity.

<d3.o n="4. " sec="7] ">Taking Advantage of One''&apos;s Own Wrong.

<d3.o n="5. " sec="8] ">Equal Equities and Bona Fide Purchase.

<d3.o n="6. ">Clean Hands.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="9] ">Nature of Defense.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="10] ">Factors Considered.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="11] ">Illustrations: Defense Sustained.

<d4.o n="(d) ">Exceptions.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="12] ">Misconduct Not Related to Transaction.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="13] ">Misconduct Not Prejudicial.

<d5.o n="(3) " sec="14] ">Plaintiff''&apos;s Conduct Less Culpable.

<d5.o n="(4) " sec="15] ">Public Policy Favoring Relief.

<d3.o n="7. ">Laches.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="16] ">Nature of Defense.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="17] ">Use Against Public Entity

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="18] ">Prejudice Not Shown.

<d4.o n="(d) " sec="19] ">Prejudice Shown.

<d3.o n="8. ">Relief Against Forfeiture.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="20] ">Equitable Doctrine Codified.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="21] ">Illustrations.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="22] ">Wilful Breach or Default.

<d2.o n="C. " sec="23] ">Marshaling Assets.

<d1.o n="II. ">SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE OF CONTRACTS

<d2.o n="A. ">In General.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="24] ">Adequacy of Legal Remedy.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="25] ">Negative Covenants.

<d3.o n="3. " sec="26] ">Damages in Lieu of Specific Performance.

<d3.o n="4. " sec="27] ">Damages Incidental to Specific Performance.

<d3.o n="5. " sec="[§27A] ">(New) Attorneys' Fees Are Not Incidental to Specific Performance.

<d2.o n="B. ">When Specific Performance May Be Granted.

<d3.o n="1. ">Contract Concerning Real Property.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="28] ">Action by Purchaser.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="29] ">Action by Vendor.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="30] ">Contract Concerning Personal Property.

<d3.o n="3. ">Contract To Make Will or Deed.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="31] ">Quasi-Specific Performance by Constructive Trust.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="32] ">Imposition of Trust During Promisor''&apos;s Lifetime.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="33] ">Defenses.

<d3.o n="4. " sec="34] ">Employee''&apos;s Agreement Not To Compete.

<d3.o n="5. " sec="35] ">Collective Bargaining Agreement.

<d3.o n="6. " sec="36] ">Arbitration Agreement.

<d3.o n="7. " sec="37] ">Other Contracts.

<d2.o n="C. ">When Specific Performance Will Be Denied.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="38] ">Consideration Is Inadequate.

<d3.o n="2. ">Contract Is Unjust or Unreasonable.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="39] ">In General.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="40] ">Unconscionable Contract.

<d3.o n="3. " sec="41] ">Fraud, Unfair Practices, or Mistake.

<d3.o n="4. ">Contract Is Uncertain.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="42] ">In General.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="43] ">Illustrations: Uncertainty Fatal.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="44] ">Illustrations: Contract Enforced.

<d3.o n="5. " sec="45] ">Continuous Acts Requiring Supervision.

<d3.o n="6. " sec="46] ">Statute of Frauds.

<d3.o n="7. " sec="47] ">Contract Is Illegal or Impossible.

<d3.o n="8. ">Personal Service Contracts.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="48] ">General Rule Against Specific Performance.

<d4.o n="(b) ">When Specific Enforcement Is Proper.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="49] ">Personal Performance Is Not Required.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="50] ">Indirect Enforcement by Negative Decree.

<d4.o n="(c) ">Unique Personal Services.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="51] ">Nature and Purpose of Statute.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="52] ">Option To Pay Is Insufficient.

<d3.o n="9. ">Counterperformance Is Not Secured.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="53] ">Former Defense of Lack of Mutuality.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="54] ">Requirement of Security.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="55] ">Offer of Performance by Nonsigner.

<d2.o n="D. ">Failure of Performance by Vendor or Purchaser.

<d3.o n="1. ">Vendor''&apos;s Default: Defect in Title.

<d4.o n="(a) ">Where Vendor Is Plaintiff.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="56] ">In General.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="57] ">Specific Performance With Compensation.

<d4.o n="(b) ">Where Vendor Is Defendant.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="58] ">In General.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="59] ">Time for Removing Defect.

<d3.o n="2. ">Purchaser''&apos;s Default: Failure To Pay.

<d4.o n="(a) ">Former Right of Forfeiture.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="60] ">In General.

<d5.o n="(2) " sec="61] ">Waiver of Right.

<d4.o n="(b) ">Relief Against Forfeiture.

<d5.o n="(1) " sec="62] ">Purchaser Free From Serious Fault.

<d5.o n="(2) ">Wilful Default: Restitution.

<d6.o n="(aa) " sec="63] ">In General.

<d6.o n="(bb) " sec="64] ">Extent of Relief.

<d6.o n="(cc) " sec="65] ">No Recovery Where No Unjust Enrichment.

<d5.o n="(3) ">Wilful Default: Specific Performance.

<d6.o n="(aa) " sec="66] ">Conditional Judgment.

<d6.o n="(bb) " sec="67] ">Restitution Analogy.

<d5.o n="(4) " sec="68] ">Wilful Default: Redemption.

<d5.o n="(5) " sec="69] ">Relief to Optionee.

<d5.o n="(6) " sec="70] ">No Relief Where Contract Is Executed.

<d1.o n="III. ">EQUITABLE RELIEF AGAINST TORTS: IN GENERAL

<d2.o n="A. " sec="71] ">Nature of Relief.

<d2.o n="B. ">Equity Jurisdiction Over Criminal Acts.

<d3.o n="1. ">No Injunction Against Offender.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="72] ">In General.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="73] ">Exception: Public Nuisance.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="74] ">Exception: Statutory Authorization.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="75] ">No Injunction Against Prosecution.

<d2.o n="C. ">Wrongful Invasion of Personal Rights.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="76] ">In General.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="77] ">Illustrations.

<d2.o n="D. ">Trademark and Trade Name Infringement.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="78] ">Theory of Infringement.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="79] ">Statutory Protection.

<d3.o n="3. " sec="80] ">Remedies and Defenses.

<d1.o n="IV. ">EQUITABLE RELIEF AGAINST TORTS: MISAPPROPRIATION OF TRADE SECRETS

<d2.o n="A. ">In General.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="81] ">Theory of Protection.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="82] ">What Constitutes Trade Secret.

<d3.o n="3. " sec="83] ">Remedies.

<d3.o n="4. " sec="84] ">Protection of Patentable Process.

<d3.o n="5. " sec="85] ">Inevitable Disclosure Doctrine Rejected.

<d2.o n="B. ">Uniform Trade Secrets Act.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="86] ">In General.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="87] ">Definitions.

<d3.o n="3. " sec="88] ">When Claim Arises.

<d3.o n="4. " sec="89] ">Injunction.

<d3.o n="5. " sec="90] ">Damages.

<d3.o n="6. " sec="91] ">Attorneys''&apos; Fees.

<d3.o n="7. " sec="92] ">Orders To Preserve Secrecy.

<d2.o n="C. ">Customers''&apos; Lists and Requirements.

<d3.o n="1. ">Trade Secret: Solicitation Enjoined.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="93] ">Confidential List of Customers.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="94] ">Special Requirements of Customers.

<d3.o n="2. " sec="95] ">No Trade Secret: Solicitation Allowed.

<d3.o n="3. " sec="96] ">Announcement of Change in Employment.

<d1.o n="V. ">EQUITABLE RELIEF AGAINST TORTS: UNFAIR COMPETITION

<d2.o n="A. " sec="97] ">Restatement 3d.

<d2.o n="B. ">Imitation of Appearance or Name.

<d3.o n="1. ">Nature of Protection.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="98] ">In General.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="99] ">Likelihood of Deception.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="100] ">Secondary Meaning Test.

<d3.o n="2. ">Illustrations.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="101] ">Likelihood of Deception Shown.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="102] ">Evidence of Confusion Insufficient.

<d3.o n="3. " sec="103] ">Noncompetitive Businesses.

<d3.o n="4. " sec="104] ">Employee Agreements.

<d2.o n="C. ">Unfair Competition Law.

<d3.o n="1. " sec="105] ">In General.

<d3.o n="2. ">Broadened Scope of Unfair Competition Law.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="106] ">In General.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="107] ">Unfair Practices.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="108] ">Unlawful Practices.

<d3.o n="3. ">Illustrations: Prohibited Practices.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="109] ">False Advertising.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="110] ">Unfair Credit and Debt Collection Practices.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="111] ">Employment Practices.

<d4.o n="(d) " sec="112] ">Insurance Practices.

<d4.o n="(e) " sec="113] ">Health Care Practices.

<d4.o n="(f) " sec="114] ">Telecommunication Practices.

<d4.o n="(g) " sec="115] ">Vehicle Towing Practices.

<d4.o n="(h) " sec="116] ">Rental Car Company Practices.

<d4.o n="(i) " sec="117] ">Other Practices.

<d3.o n="4. ">Illustrations: Permissible Practices.

<d4.o n="(a) " sec="118] ">Employment Practices.

<d4.o n="(b) " sec="119] ">Insurance Practices.

<d4.o n="(c) " sec="120] ">Health Care Practices.

<d4.o n="(d) " sec="121] ">Rental Car Company Practices.

<d4.o n="(e) " sec="122] ">Lending Practices.

<d4.o n="(e-1) " sec="[§122A] " >(New) Telecommunications Practices.